Category: Knee luxation

As avid runners, we’ve all felt the pain in our knees at some point. But what’s behind that pain, and how can we fix it? Is runner’s knee a normal part of running, or can we prevent and manage it?

Running is a favorite exercise that can affect our knees a lot¹. Knee pain from running is common and can come from many things, like overusing our knees, having structural issues, or running the wrong way. Common knee injuries in runners include runner’s knee, IT band syndrome, and jumper’s knee (patellar tendinitis)². These injuries can cause pain, swelling, stiffness, and make the knee feel unstable. Getting the right treatment, which might mean resting, icing, physical therapy, and sometimes medication or surgery, is key to getting better and avoiding more injuries.

Key Takeaways

• Knee pain is a common issue for runners, with conditions like runner’s knee, IT band syndrome, and jumper’s knee being the most prevalent.
• ¹ Runner’s knee, or patellofemoral pain syndrome, can affect up to 30% of female runners and 25% of male runners.
• ³ Runner’s knee is more common in women, particularly those of middle age, and in individuals who are overweight.
• ² Running-related knee injuries can range from overuse conditions to more serious issues like stress fractures and ligament tears.
• Proper diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies are crucial for addressing knee pain and avoiding long-term complications.

What is Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner’s Knee)?

Patellofemoral pain syndrome, also known as runner’s knee, is a common injury. It causes pain in the front of the knee or around the kneecap⁴. This pain is often due to a structural issue, bad running habits, or too much training⁴. People who do sports that make their knees bend a lot, like running, biking, or skiing, are more likely to get this pain⁵. Women are twice as likely as men to have this knee pain⁶.

Causes of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

There are many reasons for patellofemoral pain syndrome. These include kneecap misalignment, too much training, injury, weak thigh muscles, tight hamstrings, and poor foot support⁴. Muscle imbalances and injuries also play a big part in this condition⁶.

Symptoms of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

People with runner’s knee may feel pain when they’re active. They might also feel pain after sitting for a long time with bent knees. Some may hear a rubbing, grinding, or clicking in the kneecap, and feel tenderness around it⁴.

Diagnosing Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

To diagnose patellofemoral pain syndrome, doctors do a physical exam. They might also use X-rays or MRI scans to check for other possible causes of knee pain⁴. The doctor will look at how well the knee moves, its strength, and stability to figure out the cause of the pain.

To treat patellofemoral pain syndrome, you might need to rest, use ice, do strengthening exercises, and fix any biomechanical issues⁴. Losing weight, warming up before exercising, and running correctly can also help prevent and manage this condition⁶.

Key Points	Details
Definition	Patellofemoral pain syndrome, also known as runner’s knee, is a common overuse injury that causes pain in the front of the knee or around the kneecap4.
Causes	Malalignment of the kneecap, excessive training or overuse, injury or trauma, weak thigh muscles, tight hamstrings, poor foot support, and specific walking or running patterns4.
Symptoms	Pain during activity, pain after prolonged sitting, rubbing, grinding, or clicking in the kneecap, and tenderness around the kneecap4.
Diagnosis	Physical examination, and possibly X-rays or MRI scans to rule out other conditions4.
Treatment	Rest, ice, strengthening exercises, and addressing underlying biomechanical issues4.
Prevention	Maintaining a healthy weight, warming up before exercise, and using proper running techniques6.

“Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a complex condition that requires a comprehensive approach to effectively manage and prevent it. Seeking guidance from a healthcare professional is crucial for a proper diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.”

By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for patellofemoral pain syndrome, runners and active people can prevent and manage this common knee injury. This lets them keep doing their activities with less pain and better knee health.

Other Common Running-Related Knee Injuries

Runners often face knee injuries like iliotibial band syndrome and jumper’s knee, also known as patellar tendinitis. These issues come from overusing muscles, changing training, or running incorrectly. They can make running very uncomfortable and disrupt your routine.

Iliotibial Band Syndrome

Iliotibial band syndrome happens when a tendon from the hip to the outer knee gets tight and hurts. It affects about 12% of runners, making it a common injury⁷.

Jumper’s Knee (Patellar Tendinitis)

Jumper’s knee, or patellar tendinitis, causes pain and swelling in the tendon connecting the kneecap to the shinbone. It’s more common in young people and starts in their teens or early twenties⁷.

Like patellofemoral pain syndrome, these injuries come from overusing muscles, changing training, or running wrong. Treatment includes rest, ice, anti-inflammatory drugs, and exercises to help heal.

Other knee injuries in runners can affect the ACL, PCL, collateral ligament, meniscus, cartilage, and tendons. But these are less common than the main injuries⁷.

To avoid and manage these knee injuries, increase your running slowly, keep good running form, and mix in cross-training and low-impact exercises. Getting medical help quickly and following a full treatment plan helps runners get back to their activities safely.

Knee Pain from Running: Prevention and Treatment Strategies

Dealing with knee pain from running means tackling the root causes and stopping more injuries⁸. Known as runner’s knee, this pain can stem from overuse, injury, bone misalignment, foot issues, or weak thigh muscles⁸. About 25-40% of those with runner’s knee feel pain in the kneecap or around it, especially when going downstairs or downhill⁸. Some may also notice swelling, hear popping sounds, or feel a grinding in their knee.

Fortunately, many cases of runner’s knee can be managed with the right steps⁸. Treatment includes resting, icing, wrapping the knee, elevating the leg, taking meds, stretching, and doing strengthening exercises⁸. Most cases get better with proper care, but severe ones might need surgery⁸. Those with runner’s knee should avoid activities that make it worse until they’re fully recovered.

To stop knee pain from running, focus on the main causes⁸. Prevention tips include exercising to strengthen thigh muscles, wearing the right shoes, avoiding sudden changes in workouts, and keeping a healthy weight⁸. To prevent runner’s knee, try using shoe inserts, running on softer ground, warming up, getting physical therapy, wearing knee braces, choosing good running shoes, and replacing old shoes⁹. Also, doing light weight training and mixing in other cardio can help prevent knee injuries⁹. Drinking plenty of water is also key for muscle health.

By focusing on knee health, runners can lower their injury risk and keep enjoying this exercise⁸. Getting advice from a healthcare pro, like a physical therapist or sports medicine expert, can help make a treatment plan that fits your needs.

Prevention Strategies	Treatment Strategies
Strengthen thigh muscles Use proper footwear Avoid sudden workout changes Maintain a healthy weight Use shoe inserts Run on softer surfaces Warm up before workouts Consider physical therapy Use knee braces during exercise Replace worn-out running shoes	Rest Ice therapy Knee wrapping Leg elevation Medication usage Stretching exercises Strengthening exercises

“Preventing and managing knee pain from running requires a holistic approach that addresses the underlying causes and promotes proper healing.”

Conclusion

Knee pain from running is a common issue. It can come from overuse, structural problems, or running wrong¹⁰. Common injuries include runner’s knee, iliotibial band syndrome, and jumper’s knee¹⁰. A good plan with rest, treatment, and prevention can help runners overcome these issues¹⁰.

Working with health experts and using proven methods helps runners enjoy running more while lowering knee pain and injury risks¹⁰. Steps like strength training, foam rolling, and choosing the right shoes can lessen knee problems¹⁰. Also, treatments like lubricant injections and PRP can be customized for each runner¹⁰.

By knowing what causes knee pain and taking steps to prevent it, runners can keep doing what they love. This approach helps reduce injury risks and keeps runners healthy and happy¹⁰¹¹.

FAQ

What is Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner’s Knee)?

Patellofemoral pain syndrome, known as runner’s knee, is a common injury. It causes pain in the front of the knee or around the kneecap. This happens due to a structural issue, bad running habits, or doing too much of the same activity.

What are the Causes of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome?

This condition is often caused by a structural flaw, bad running habits, or doing too much. Weak thigh muscles, tight hamstrings, and poor foot support can also lead to it.

What are the Symptoms of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome?

Symptoms include pain when running, squatting, or sitting for a long time. You might also feel a grinding or clicking in your knee.

How is Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Diagnosed?

Doctors diagnose it with a physical exam. They might also use X-rays or MRI scans to check for other possible causes of knee pain.

What is Iliotibial Band Syndrome?

Iliotibial band syndrome happens when a tendon from the hip to the outer knee gets tight and irritated. This causes pain on the outside of the knee.

What is Jumper’s Knee (Patellar Tendinitis)?

Jumper’s knee, or patellar tendinitis, is an injury from overuse. It leads to pain and swelling in the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap to the shinbone.

How Can Knee Pain from Running Be Prevented and Treated?

To prevent and treat knee pain from running, focus on the root causes. This means doing strengthening and stretching exercises, using supportive shoes, and slowly changing your running habits. Getting advice from a healthcare expert, like a physical therapist or sports medicine doctor, is also key. They can help with a plan that includes rest, ice, anti-inflammatory drugs, and specific exercises to help you recover.

Source Links

1. How to Prevent and Treat Runner’s Knee – https://www.runnersworld.com/health-injuries/a20854077/whats-the-best-solution-for-runners-knee/
2. Knee Pain After Running: Causes and Treatments – https://www.hss.edu/article_knee-pain-after-running.asp
3. Runner’s Knee: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment – https://www.healthline.com/health/runners-knee
4. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner’s Knee) – https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/patellofemoral-pain-syndrome-runners-knee
5. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner’s Knee) (for Parents) – https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/runners-knee.html
6. Patellofemoral pain syndrome – Symptoms and causes – https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/patellofemoral-pain-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350792
7. What Are Common Knee Injuries from Running? – https://www.templehealth.org/about/blog/common-knee-injuries-running
8. Runner’s Knee – https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/runners-knee
9. Five Tips for Preventing Runner’s Knee – https://www.hss.edu/article_how-to-prevent-runners-knee.asp
10. Getting knee pain after your runs? Here’s might be causing it – and how to fix it – https://www.runnersworld.com/uk/health/injury/a773762/4-causes-of-knee-pain-and-how-to-fix-them/
11. Anterior knee pain in runners after a half-marathon race – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8545678/

Knee pain can really affect your life. At the University of Michigan Health System, we offer many non-surgical and surgical options. We aim to find out why you’re in pain and how we can help you¹. We handle all kinds of knee issues, like ACL, LCL, MCL, and PCL injuries, meniscus tears, and more².

Our team works together to create a treatment plan just for you. This approach has led to great success in treating knee pain.

Key Takeaways

• The University of Michigan Health System performs over 250 total knee replacements annually, with 90% still functional 15 years later¹.
• Knee pain can stem from various causes, including arthritis, injuries, and structural issues².
• Non-surgical options like physical therapy, injections, and bracing are often the first line of treatment before considering surgery².
• Lifestyle changes, such as weight management and exercise, can help alleviate knee pain and prevent further injury¹.
• The University of Michigan Health System’s personalized, multidisciplinary approach is key to successfully treating knee pain¹.

Understanding Knee Pain and Its Causes

Knee problems are very common and affect many people. There are many reasons why someone might experience knee pain, from wear and tear to sudden injuries. Understanding the common causes of knee pain is crucial in determining the appropriate treatment approach.

Common Causes of Knee Pain

Osteoarthritis is a common cause of knee pain, caused by the gradual wear and tear of the cartilage that cushions the knee joint³. Rheumatoid arthritis is another cause, leading to swelling and cartilage destruction³. Injuries to the ligaments, like the ACL and PCL, can also cause a lot of pain³. Tendon injuries, from inflammation to tears, often happen from overuse or falls³. Damage to the cartilage, including softening or tearing, can also lead to pain³. Lastly, a broken kneecap, usually from a fall or direct blow, can be very painful and debilitating³.

Diagnosing Knee Pain

It’s important to figure out what’s causing knee pain to treat it right. This usually means a detailed check-up, looking at the patient’s characteristics, medical history, and physical exam to pinpoint the pain’s location and type⁴. Sometimes, imaging tests like X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs are needed to see any structural damage or issues⁵. Knowing what’s causing the pain helps doctors create a specific and effective treatment plan.

“Knee pain is a common complaint, and it’s crucial to accurately diagnose the underlying cause to ensure appropriate treatment.”

Imaging Test	Diagnostic Value
X-ray	Helpful in detecting bone fractures and degenerative joint disease5
CT Scan	Accurately identifies gout even when the joint is not inflamed5
MRI	Particularly useful in revealing injuries to soft tissues like ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and muscles5

⁵⁴³

Knee pain treatment: pain relievers, physical therapy, injections, surgery

Managing knee pain offers many treatment options, each with its own pros and cons. We’ll look at both non-surgical and surgical ways to ease knee pain and improve movement.

The RICE method – rest, ice, compression, and elevation – is a common first step. Complementary therapies like massage, acupuncture, and meditation may also offer some relief.⁶

For ongoing or severe pain, injection therapy may be an option. This could be steroid or anti-inflammatory shots, giving relief for a few months⁶. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy also shows promise in helping the body heal itself⁶.

If non-surgical treatments don’t help enough, surgery might be considered. Total knee replacement surgery replaces damaged parts with artificial ones. Partial knee replacement focuses on a specific knee area⁶. Arthroscopic surgery is a less invasive method for diagnosing and treating knee problems⁶.

For those who are active and have wear and tear on one side, osteotomy could be an option. It aims to stop knee osteoarthritis from getting worse⁶.

Treatment Option	Description	Typical Duration of Relief
Cortisone Shots	Injection of anti-inflammatory medication directly into the joint	Approximately 3 months7
Gel Injections	Injections of hyaluronic acid to lubricate and cushion the joint	6 to 12 months7
Prolotherapy Injections	Injections that stimulate the body’s natural healing processes	Potential long-term benefits7
Orthobiologic Injections	Injections of concentrated cells or tissues to promote healing	Potential long-term benefits7

The effectiveness and duration of these treatments can vary. Insurance coverage also affects the choice of treatment⁷. It’s key to talk to a healthcare professional to find the best treatment for you.

Knee pain can stem from injuries, past damage, or conditions like osteoarthritis⁸. Finding and treating the root cause is key to lasting relief.

“The goal of any knee pain treatment is to reduce pain, improve function, and prevent further damage to the joint.”

Non-Surgical Approaches to Knee Pain Management

At our practice, we know that knee pain can really slow you down. We offer non-surgical treatments that work well⁹. Physical therapy is a top choice, helping to make your knee more flexible, strong, and stable¹⁰. We also use splinting or bracing to support and protect your knee while it heals.

We suggest anti-inflammatory medications and pain relievers to lessen inflammation and ease pain⁹. For quick relief, we have steroid injections that reduce inflammation¹⁰. We also offer gel shots and PRP therapy to tackle knee pain and speed up healing.

¹⁰ Gel injections might not help right away and could make your knee stiff at first. But, they can bring long-term benefits if you get insurance approval¹⁰. PRP injections try to grow new, healthy cartilage. But, they don’t always work as hoped¹⁰. PRP injections are not usually covered by insurance and can be expensive, costing from a few hundred to several thousand dollars per shot.

¹¹ We also look at other options like cortisone injections, which you can have up to four times a year¹¹. For younger patients with knee injuries and small cartilage damage, we might suggest autologous or stem cell injections. These are better for their situation.

Our aim is to find the best non-surgical solution for each patient to relieve knee pain for good. By using proven treatments, we often help patients avoid more serious procedures.

Conclusion

Knee pain is a common issue that affects many people, especially as they get older¹². Luckily, there’s a way to manage this pain effectively and improve your life. By using a mix of treatments, we can ease your pain, make moving easier, and help you enjoy activities again.

Our team will create a plan just for you to tackle the knee pain’s cause. This might include painkillers, physical therapy, and new treatments like corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP)¹². These treatments help by reducing swelling, making the joint slippery, and helping tissues heal. They offer quick and lasting relief¹². Studies also show they help with function, pain, and life quality for those with knee osteoarthritis and other joint issues¹³.

With a full approach to your knee pain, we aim to help you be independent again and live the active life you want. Using effective treatments and our support, we’re sure we can improve your mobility and life quality¹². Let’s find the best solution for you and get you on the road to wellness.

FAQ

What are the common causes of knee pain?

Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are common causes of knee pain. They lead to cartilage wear and swelling. Other causes include ligament and tendon injuries, cartilage disorders, and broken kneecaps from falls or blows.

How is knee pain diagnosed?

To diagnose knee pain, a thorough check-up is needed. Doctors look at patient history and perform a physical exam. They might also order X-rays or MRIs to see if there’s any damage.

What are the treatment options for knee pain?

Treatment for knee pain includes both non-surgical and surgical methods. Non-surgical options include RICE, exercise, and lifestyle changes. Injections, massage, acupuncture, and meditation can also help. Medications and surgery are used when these options don’t work.

What are the non-surgical approaches to managing knee pain?

Physical therapy is a key non-surgical treatment for knee pain. It helps with flexibility and strength. Bracing provides support, and medications and icing reduce pain and inflammation.

Our practice also offers treatments like steroid injections and PRP therapy. These help with healing and address the root causes of pain.

Source Links

1. Knee Pain | University of Michigan Health – https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/cmc/knee/pain
2. Noninvasive Treatments for Knee Pain: Orthopedic & Wellness : Pain Management – https://www.orthopedicwellness.com/blog/noninvasive-treatments-for-knee-pain
3. Knee Pain – Causes & Treatment | Made for This Moment – https://www.asahq.org/madeforthismoment/pain-management/types-of-pain/knee-pain/
4. An Overview of Knee Pain – https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/knee-pain-overview
5. Knee pain – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic – https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/knee-pain/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350855
6. Knee Pain Treatment Options: Non-Surgical and Surgical – Orthopaedic Associates – https://oaidocs.com/2022/08/12/knee-pain-treatment-options-non-surgical-and-surgical/
7. Types of Injections That Can Help With Joint Pain – https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/types-of-injections-that-can-help-with-joint-pain
8. Knee Pain Relief: Injections vs Surgery – https://posm.org/knee-pain-relief-injections-vs-surgery/
9. Nonsurgical Management of Knee Pain in Adults – https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/1115/p875.html
10. Nonsurgical Treatment Options for Knee Pain – https://phelpshealth.org/news/featured-stories/nonsurgical-treatment-options-knee-pain
11. Nonsurgical and Minimally Invasive Knee Pain Treatments – https://www.memorialhermann.org/services/treatments/knee-pain-treatments/nonsurgical-and-minimally-invasive-treatments-for-knee-pain
12. The Ultimate Guide to Knee Injections | Arthritis Knee Pain Centers – https://arthritiskneepain.com/wellness-blog/knee-injections/
13. Intra-articular Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: from Anti-inflammatories to Products of Regenerative Medicine – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4932822/

Are you dealing with knee pain that stops you from being active? There are steps you can take to prevent and manage knee problems. Keeping a healthy weight, exercising often, and wearing the right shoes can make your knees strong and healthy.

Knees are key for moving and carrying our body’s weight. Yet, many people suffer from knee pain and injuries, affecting about 25% of U.S. adults¹. Carrying extra weight can stress the knees, causing cartilage to wear down and become inflamed². Every step we take puts two to four times our body weight on the knee joint, showing how weight affects knee pain².

Key Takeaways:

• Keeping a healthy weight is key for knee health, as extra weight can cause joint damage and inflammation.
• Regular exercise, like strength training, flexibility exercises, and low-impact activities, strengthens the muscles around the knees and lowers injury risk.
• Wearing shoes with good support and cushioning helps keep the legs aligned and balanced, easing knee strain.
• Using the PRICE method (protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation) can help manage knee pain and swelling.
• Seeing a doctor is crucial if knee pain doesn’t go away or gets worse, as it could mean a serious issue.

Understanding the Importance of Knee Health

Our knees are key for moving around and staying mobile. They are big and complex, helping us walk, run, jump, and do everyday tasks³. Keeping our knees healthy is crucial for living freely and doing what we need to do every day. Knee problems can really limit our actions and affect our life quality.

Knees: Essential for Movement and Mobility

The knee is a complex joint made of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that work together for smooth movement³. But it can get hurt or have conditions like osteoarthritis, ACL tears, and patellofemoral pain syndrome⁴. It’s important to take care of our knees because problems there can really affect our health and freedom.

Having strong muscles around the knee helps keep it stable and safe from injury³. Weak muscles, like the quadriceps and hamstrings, can make knee injuries more likely³. Carrying extra weight can also harm the joint cartilage, making knee osteoarthritis more likely³.

Knee Condition	Description
Osteoarthritis	The most common type of arthritis affecting the knee, caused by the gradual wear-and-tear of the joint cartilage35.
ACL Injury	A tear in the anterior cruciate ligament, often occurring in sports with sudden stops and changes in direction3.
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome	Also known as “runner’s knee,” this condition involves pain between the kneecap and thigh bone due to excessive stress4.
Meniscus Tear	A tear in the cartilage that cushions the shin bone and thigh bone, causing pain, catching, or locking4.
Patellar Tendonitis	Inflammation of the tendon that connects the kneecap to the shin bone, often affecting athletes who jump frequently4.
Ligament Tear	Damage to the stabilizing ligaments in the knee, usually resulting from a serious injury4.

Knowing how important knee health is helps us take steps to keep moving freely and stay independent³⁵⁴.

Knee Pain Prevention: Maintaining a Healthy Weight, Exercising Regularly, and Choosing Proper Footwear

Keeping our knees healthy is key to avoiding knee pain. A big part of this is keeping a healthy weight. Carrying extra weight puts more stress on the knees, leading to faster cartilage wear and a higher chance of osteoarthritis⁶. Just 10 pounds of extra weight can mean 30-60 more pounds of force on the knee with each step⁶. Losing 10 pounds can cut knee pain by 20% for those with arthritis⁶.

Exercise is vital for knee health. Low-impact activities like swimming, cycling, and elliptical workouts strengthen the muscles around the knees safely⁷. Adding strength training and flexibility exercises keeps joints working well and prevents arthritis⁷.

Choosing the right shoes is also key. Shoes with strong soles and good cushioning help spread out the weight and reduce knee stress⁸. Shoes that are old or don’t support well can change how we move, making knee problems and injuries more likely⁸.

By following these tips, we can help prevent knee pain and keep our knees healthy and mobile.

Lifestyle Habits for Knee Health

Keeping your knees healthy is more than just about weight and exercise. Our daily habits greatly affect our joint health and injury prevention. One key habit is maintaining proper posture⁹.

Importance of Proper Posture

Bad posture puts too much stress on your joints, causing cartilage to wear out and get damaged over time⁹. Keeping your shoulders back, head level, and stomach in helps ease the strain on your knees and other joints. A physical therapist can teach you exercises to improve your posture and lessen joint strain⁹.

Other habits also help keep your knees healthy. Doing low-impact exercises like cycling and swimming keeps your knee cartilage strong and safe from damage⁹. Building muscle around your knees with strength training and stretching can also be good for you¹⁰.

It’s important to warm up before you start any physical activity and slowly increase the intensity of your workouts to avoid knee injuries¹⁰. Mixing up your activities helps prevent injuries from doing the same motion over and over, which can lead to swollen knees and damaged cartilage¹⁰.

By following these lifestyle habits, keeping a healthy weight, and wearing good shoes, you can greatly improve your knee health and lower the risk of future joint problems⁹¹⁰¹¹.

Lifestyle Habit	Benefit for Knee Health
Proper Posture	Reduces stress on the knees and other joints
Low-Impact Exercises	Keeps knee cartilage healthy and prevents future damage
Strength Training	Builds muscle around the knees, contributing to joint stability
Stretching	Improves flexibility and range of motion around the knee joint
Warming Up and Gradual Intensity	Prevents knee injuries and overuse injuries
Varied Physical Activities	Avoids repeated motion injuries that can lead to knee problems

Conclusion

Keeping our knees healthy is key to staying mobile, independent, and active¹². We can do this by keeping a healthy weight¹², exercising often¹², wearing the right shoes, and standing up straight. These steps can ease knee pain and stop new problems from starting. This lets us keep doing what we love without pain.

Carrying extra weight increases the risk of knee osteoarthritis by 19.5%¹². Losing just one pound can ease the pressure on our knees by 4 pounds¹². Losing 10 pounds means 40 pounds less pressure, lowering the risk of osteoarthritis¹². Eating foods that fight inflammation can also help slow down osteoarthritis¹².

By focusing on our knee health, we can keep our knees strong and flexible for a long time. Activities like walking, cycling, and yoga help with weight loss and keep joints healthy¹². Even simple activities, like walking after meals, can help with digestion and weight loss¹². Making these choices helps us stay mobile, independent, and happy.

FAQ

What are the key strategies for preventing knee pain?

Keeping a healthy weight is key to avoiding knee pain. Carrying extra weight puts more stress on your knees, causing cartilage to wear out and leading to inflammation. Regular exercise helps strengthen muscles that support your knees, lowering the chance of getting hurt. Wearing shoes with good cushioning and support also protects your knees.

Why are healthy knees important?

Healthy knees let us move freely and stay independent. They’re vital for doing many activities, like walking, running, and climbing. Keeping your knees healthy is important because knee problems can make everyday tasks hard and affect your life quality.

How does maintaining a healthy weight impact knee health?

Carrying extra weight puts more stress on your knee joints, causing cartilage to wear out and leading to inflammation. Losing a bit of weight can ease knee osteoarthritis symptoms. Staying at a healthy weight reduces knee joint stress, lowering the risk of pain and related issues.

What role does regular exercise play in preventing knee pain?

Exercise helps prevent knee pain by strengthening muscles that support your knees and lowering injury risk. It includes strength training, flexibility exercises, and low-impact cardio. These activities help stabilize the knee, improve movement, and prevent strains and sprains. Activities like swimming or cycling are also good for knee health without overloading the joint.

How does proper footwear affect knee health?

Proper footwear is crucial for knee health. Shoes with good support and cushioning spread out your weight evenly, reducing knee joint stress. Wearing the right shoes for your activities, like supportive running shoes, can lower the risk of knee injuries and pain.

Why is proper posture important for knee health?

Good posture is key for knee health as bad posture can stress the joints, causing cartilage wear and damage. Keeping your shoulders back, head level, and abdomen in helps reduce knee strain. A physical therapist can teach exercises and techniques to improve your posture and ease joint strain.

Source Links

1. An Overview of Knee Pain – https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/knee-pain-overview
2. Preventing Knee Pain – https://www.rush.edu/news/preventing-knee-pain
3. Knee pain – Symptoms and causes – https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/knee-pain/symptoms-causes/syc-20350849
4. 6 Exercises to Help Your Knee Pain | The Hospital of Central Connecticut – https://thocc.org/about/news-press/news-detail?articleId=55094&publicid=395
5. The pain-relieving qualities of exercise in knee osteoarthritis – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5074793/
6. Essential Guide to Preventative Care for Knee Injuries: Stay Active and Injury-Free – Plancher Orthopaedics – https://plancherortho.com/preventative-care-for-knee-injuries-stay-active-and-injury-free/
7. Osteoarthritis of the knee: Learn More – What can I do to strengthen my knees? – InformedHealth.org – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544978/
8. 5 Ways To Help Prevent Knee Pain – https://www.henryford.com/blog/2021/06/knee-preservation
9. 8 Ways to Keep Your Knees Healthy as You Age | Orthopedic Blog | OrthoCarolina – https://www.orthocarolina.com/media/8-ways-to-keep-your-knees-healthy-as-you-age
10. Easy Ways to Protect Your Knees – https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/protect-knees
11. How to Save Your Knees Without Giving Up Your Workout (Published 2021) – https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/19/well/move/workout-exercise-knee-health.html
12. Chronic Knee Pain and Weight: A Comprehensive Approach to Pain Management – https://posm.org/chronic-knee-pain-and-weight-a-comprehensive-approach-to-pain-management/

Knee pain can really affect our daily life. It might come from getting older, getting hurt, or putting stress on the knee. It’s important to find out why and get help quickly. We’ll look at how to diagnose knee pain, including physical checks, imaging tests, and lab tests¹.

Key Takeaways

• Knee pain can come from aging, injury, or stress on the joint.
• A detailed physical check is key for the first look at the problem.
• Tests like X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans help see what’s going on inside.
• Blood tests and joint aspiration might be needed to check for infection or swelling.
• Quickly figuring out the cause and treating it is key to easing knee pain.

Physical Examination for Knee Pain

A detailed physical check-up is key to figuring out what’s causing knee pain. It covers inspection, feeling the area, checking how the knee moves, checking nerves and blood flow, and doing special tests².

Inspection and Palpation

Looking at the knee can show signs like redness, swelling, bruises, or odd shapes². Touching the area can find spots that hurt, feel warm, or have fluid, which hints at the problem².

Range of Motion Assessment

Checking how the knee moves and how strong it is is vital. It shows if the knee can move fully or not, which might mean an injury or issue².

Checking the nerves and blood flow in the knee makes sure everything is working right². Special tests like the Lachman and Thessaly tests can spot things like torn ligaments or meniscal damage².

By looking closely at the knee with inspection, touch, movement checks, nerve and blood checks, and special tests, doctors can learn a lot. This helps them figure out what’s wrong and how to fix it².

Examination Technique	Purpose	Findings
Inspection	Assess for signs of injury or deformity	Erythema, swelling, bruising, deformity
Palpation	Identify areas of tenderness, warmth, and effusion	Tenderness, warmth, joint effusion
Range of Motion Assessment	Evaluate joint function and mobility	Restrictions in flexion, extension, or rotation
Neurovascular Assessment	Assess nerve and blood supply integrity	Altered sensation, reflexes, or pulses
Special Tests	Identify specific knee injuries	Positive Lachman test, Thessaly test

Doing a complete physical check-up helps doctors understand what’s causing knee pain and how to treat it².

Imaging Tests for Knee Pain Diagnosis

Imaging tests are key in finding out what’s causing knee pain. They can spot bone breaks and wear and tear with X-rays. CT scans give detailed views of bones³.

MRI for Knee Pain

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is great for checking on ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and muscles in the knee. It’s safer than X-rays because it doesn’t use harmful radiation⁴. MRI and X-rays work together to fully check on knee problems like pain, weakness, swelling, and bleeding⁴.

MRIs are top-notch at spotting knee issues like sports injuries, arthritis, fluid buildup, infections, and surgery problems⁴. But, if you have metal parts in your body, make sure they’re safe for MRI use⁴.

For babies and young kids, MRI might need sedation to keep them still and get clear pictures⁴. Remember to take off all metal before your MRI to avoid messing up the scan⁴.

Imaging Test	Useful for
X-rays	Detecting bone fractures and degenerative changes
CT Scans	Providing detailed information about bone structures
Ultrasound	Visualizing soft tissue structures
MRI	Evaluating injuries to ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and muscles
Arthroscopy	Directly examining the inside of the knee joint

Choosing the right imaging tests for knee pain depends on what’s causing the pain and the patient’s past health³. Sometimes, you might need more than one test to figure out the full diagnosis³.

“MRI is particularly effective in detecting and evaluating damaged cartilage, meniscus, ligaments, tendons, sports-related injuries, bone fractures, arthritis, fluid build-up, infections, tumors, and complications related to surgical devices in the knee.”⁴

Knee pain diagnosis: physical examination, X-rays, MRI scans, and blood tests

Diagnosing knee pain involves a detailed look at your history, a physical check-up, and tests like X-rays and MRI scans⁵. About 25% of adults suffer from knee pain, and this number has jumped by almost 65% in the last 20 years⁵. Those with urgent needs often have a lot of pain, swelling, and trouble walking or standing⁵.

A key part of diagnosing is the physical exam. It checks how the joint moves, its stability, and the health of ligaments and tendons⁵. If you felt a pop when you hurt your knee, it could mean a tear in the meniscus or a ligament⁵. Certain tests, like the Thessaly test, can pinpoint knee injuries accurately⁵.

Tests like X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans help figure out what’s causing the pain⁶. X-rays show bones and can spot breaks and early signs of arthritis⁶. CT scans give a 3D view, showing more bone details and helping with bone and fracture diagnoses⁶. MRI scans are great for seeing soft tissue like ligaments and tendons⁶.

Blood tests might also be done to check for infections or inflammation⁶. Testing the fluid from your knee can help diagnose issues like gout or arthritis⁶.

By using a detailed history, physical exam, and tests, doctors can pinpoint the cause of knee pain and plan the best treatment⁵. With nearly 4 million visits a year for knee pain, accurate diagnosis and treatment are crucial⁵.

“Proper diagnosis is the foundation for effective treatment of knee pain, ensuring patients receive the care they need to restore function and alleviate discomfort.”

Conclusion

We’ve looked into how to diagnose knee pain, using physical checks, imaging, and lab tests. This thorough method helps us find the real cause of pain and plan the best treatment⁷. MRI scans show how knee osteoarthritis changes over time and can predict future problems⁷. Arthroscopy also confirms how bad the joint is, giving us a full view of the situation⁷.

Imaging tests like MRI are great at spotting knee injuries⁸. But we shouldn’t just trust these tests too much⁹. Many surgeries happen because of MRI results, not just because of pain⁹. So, trying non-surgical treatments first is a good idea, to avoid unnecessary risks⁹.

Knowing what causes knee pain helps us treat it right, with options like medicine, therapy, or surgery⁸. A careful look at the patient’s history, physical check-up, and smart use of tests is key. This way, we can help patients better and manage their pain for the long run⁷⁸⁹.

FAQ

What is the initial evaluation for knee pain?

The first step in checking knee pain is to rule out serious issues and decide if you need to see a specialist. It’s important to talk about your health history and have a physical check-up. This helps figure out what’s causing the pain.

What does the physical examination of the knee include?

Checking the knee physically involves looking at it, touching it, checking how it moves and how strong it is. It also includes checking nerves and blood flow, and doing specific tests.

How can imaging tests help in diagnosing the cause of knee pain?

Imaging tests are key in finding out what’s causing knee pain. X-rays show bone breaks and wear and tear. CT scans give detailed bone info. Ultrasound looks at soft tissues, and MRI is great for seeing injuries to ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and muscles.

What are the key steps in effectively diagnosing the cause of knee pain?

To find out what’s causing knee pain, you need a detailed check-up. This includes talking about your health history, a physical check-up, and using imaging and lab tests. These steps help spot problems like arthritis, meniscal tears, or ligament injuries. Then, doctors can make a plan to help you.

Source Links

1. Knee Pain and Problems – https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/knee-pain-and-problems
2. Evaluation of Patients Presenting with Knee Pain: Part I. History, Physical Examination, Radiographs, and Laboratory Tests – https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2003/0901/p907.html
3. Knee Pain Diagnosis & Treatment | Dignity Health | Dignity Health – https://www.dignityhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/orthopedics/common-joint-injuries-and-conditions/knee-pain/diagnosis-and-treatment
4. MRI of the knee – https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/kneemr
5. Knee Pain in Adults and Adolescents: The Initial Evaluation – https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2018/1101/p576.html
6. How Your Doctor Will Diagnose Your Knee Pain From Injury – https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/diagnose-knee-pain
7. Radiographic vs. MRI vs. arthroscopic assessment and grading of knee osteoarthritis – are we using appropriate imaging? – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8724325/
8. Evaluation of acute knee pain in primary care – Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE): Quality-assessed Reviews – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK70160/
9. Reassessing the Role of MRI in the Evaluation of Knee Pain – https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0201/p221.html

Ever felt that sharp, constant pain in your knee that makes moving hard? Knee pain is a common problem that can really affect our daily life. But what are the main symptoms we should watch for, and when should we get help¹?

Knee pain in adults often shows up as swelling, stiffness, redness, and instability¹. If the pain is bad or comes with sudden swelling or redness, you should get emergency help¹. Knowing where the pain is, what makes it worse, and other symptoms can help figure out what’s causing it¹. Luckily, there are many resources and guidelines out there to help us find and treat knee pain¹.

Key Takeaways:

• Knee pain can be caused by a variety of factors, including injuries, medical conditions, and infections.
• Common symptoms of knee pain include swelling, stiffness, redness, and instability.
• Seeking medical attention is recommended if the pain is severe or accompanied by sudden swelling or redness.
• Identifying the underlying cause of knee pain is crucial for effective treatment and management.
• Various medical resources and guidelines are available to help diagnose and manage knee pain effectively.

Understanding Knee Pain and Its Symptoms

Common Signs and Manifestations

Knee pain is a common issue that can happen to anyone, at any age². It can start suddenly, often from an injury or too much exercise². The reasons for knee pain can be many, from arthritis and overuse to serious issues like ligament tears or fractures.

Swelling is a common sign of knee pain, showing an injury or arthritis³. Osteoarthritis is a big cause of knee pain, coming from wear and tear on the knee cartilage as we age and use the joint³. Other types of arthritis, like rheumatoid arthritis and gout, can also affect the knee³.

Stiffness in the knee makes it hard to move². This stiffness might come from an injury, inflammation, or the joint wearing down over time.

Redness and warmth in the knee area could mean an infection or inflammation². If these signs don’t go away or get worse, you should see a doctor.

Instability or feeling like the knee is giving way is serious, often meaning damage to the ligaments or cartilage². This can make you more likely to get hurt again and needs quick attention.

Knowing these symptoms helps doctors figure out and treat the cause of knee pain³²⁴. Understanding these signs is the first step to finding the right treatment and care.

Symptom	Possible Causes
Swelling	Arthritis, injury
Stiffness	Injury, inflammation, joint degeneration
Redness and warmth	Infection, inflammation
Instability	Ligament or cartilage damage

“Identifying these key symptoms can help healthcare providers diagnose and treat the underlying cause of knee pain.”

Causes of Knee Pain and Symptom Manifestations

Knee pain can come from injuries or overusing the joint. Common injuries like ACL tears and meniscus tears cause pain, stiffness, and swelling⁵. Conditions like osteoarthritis and gout can also lead to pain and symptoms⁶. Sometimes, an infection in the knee, called septic arthritis, causes severe pain and swelling⁷.

Injuries and Overuse

Knee injuries often happen during sports or accidents. Tears in the ACL and meniscus lead to pain and instability⁷. Conditions like knee bursitis and patellar tendinitis cause discomfort and swelling⁵. It’s important to know the cause of knee pain to choose the right treatment.

Most knee pain can be treated with pain meds, rest, and physical therapy⁵. But, if pain is severe, surgery might be needed⁵. Knee arthroscopy is a common surgery that uses a small camera to fix joint damage⁵. Sometimes, a total or partial knee replacement is recommended⁵.

Preventing knee injuries is key to avoiding pain⁵. By knowing the causes and taking steps to prevent them, you can keep your knee healthy⁶.

“Identifying the underlying cause of knee pain, whether it’s an injury, overuse, or a medical condition, is crucial for developing an effective treatment plan.”

Conclusion

Knee pain can have many causes, but often, simple self-care helps. Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) can ease pain⁸. Yet, seeing a doctor is key if pain is severe, if you feel unstable, or if swelling is bad⁹. Doctors can find out what’s causing the pain and suggest the right treatment. This might be medicines, physical therapy, a brace, or surgery.

Keeping a healthy weight, strengthening knee muscles, and doing exercises right can lower knee pain risks⁹. By focusing on these steps, we can keep knees healthy and lessen knee problems.

Orthopedic specialists are key for handling knee pain well. They know how to find and treat the cause of knee pain⁸⁹. With their help, people can move better, feel less pain, and avoid future issues. Working with an orthopedic team helps manage knee pain and keeps you active.

FAQ

What are the common symptoms of knee pain?

Knee pain often shows up as swelling, stiffness, and redness. You might also feel weak or unstable, hear popping noises, or find it hard to straighten your knee.

What are the different causes of knee pain?

Knee pain can stem from injuries, mechanical issues, or various types of arthritis. Injuries like ACL tears and meniscus tears are common. Knee bursitis and patellar tendinitis also cause pain. Arthritis, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, can lead to knee pain too.

When should I seek medical attention for knee pain?

See a doctor if your knee pain is severe, unstable, or if swelling is severe. These signs could mean a serious injury or condition. Doctors can figure out the cause and suggest the right treatment.

How can I manage and prevent knee pain?

For minor knee pain, try rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). Keeping a healthy weight, strengthening knee muscles, and using correct physical activity techniques can also help prevent knee pain and its complications.

Source Links

1. Knee pain in adults – https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptom-checker/knee-pain-in-adults-adult/related-factors/itt-20009075
2. Knee pain Information | Mount Sinai – https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/knee-pain
3. Knee pain – Symptoms and causes – https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/knee-pain/symptoms-causes/syc-20350849
4. Knee pain: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia – https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003187.htm
5. When Should I See Someone About My Knee Pain? – https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21207-knee-pain
6. Knee pain: Symptom Causes – Mayo Clinic – https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/knee-pain/basics/causes/sym-20050688?p=1
7. An Overview of Knee Pain – https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/knee-pain-overview
8. Knee osteoarthritis related pain: a narrative review of diagnosis and treatment – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039588/
9. Arthritis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK518992/

Knee pain can really change how we live, making simple steps hard and stopping us from doing what we love. But what’s causing this pain, and how can we fix it¹? Let’s look into the surprising reasons behind knee pain and find ways to ease it.

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and injuries like torn ligaments or tendinitis are big reasons for knee pain¹. Gout, caused by too much uric acid, can also make knees hurt a lot². Even things like loose parts or a kneecap that’s out of place can cause pain¹.

Key Takeaways

• Knee pain can be caused by many things, like arthritis, injuries, and mechanical issues.
• Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and sprained ligaments are top reasons for knee pain.
• Sports like basketball, soccer, and running can make knee injuries and pain more likely.
• Staying strong and flexible can help lower the chance of knee problems.
• Treatments for knee pain include medicines, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery.

Understanding the Different Causes of Knee Pain

The knee joint is key to our daily activities. It’s made up of bones, ligaments, and fluid-filled sacs that help it work smoothly³. When these parts don’t work together right, it can cause pain. The main causes are usually osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis: Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Osteoarthritis happens when the cartilage in the knee wears out over time⁴. This can lead to bone rubbing against bone, causing pain and stiffness. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that also affects the knee, causing inflammation and cartilage damage⁴.

Both types of arthritis can cause knee pain, but they have different causes and effects. Knowing the differences helps in finding the right treatment³⁴.

Spotting and treating knee arthritis early can make a big difference in someone’s life. Doctors use tests like X-rays and MRIs to figure out the best treatment⁴. This might include physical therapy, medicine, or surgery for severe cases³.

Osteoarthritis	Rheumatoid Arthritis
Most common form of arthritis affecting the knee	An autoimmune disorder that can affect the knee joint
Caused by the gradual deterioration of cartilage	Causes inflammation and further damage to the cartilage
Typically affects individuals 50 years of age and older	Can affect individuals of any age, often symmetrically

Understanding knee pain helps people work with their doctors to find the best treatment. This way, they can keep their knees healthy and move freely³⁴.

“Prompt diagnosis and management of knee arthritis are crucial to preserving joint function and improving quality of life.”

Knee pain causes: This could include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, injuries, bursitis, tendonitis, ligament sprains

Knee injuries and overuse are common reasons for knee pain. These can cause a lot of discomfort and make moving hard⁵. Things like sprains and tears happen often, especially during sports that need quick turns or a lot of jumping⁶. Overuse can lead to problems like tendonitis or iliotibial band syndrome in people who do the same activity a lot⁵.

Other issues, like loose bodies or kneecaps that are out of place, can also cause pain⁵. Bursitis and tendonitis, which are inflamed sacs and tendons, add to the pain⁵. Being overweight makes these problems worse, as extra weight puts more stress on the knees⁵⁷.

Treating Knee Injuries and Overuse

Dealing with knee injuries and overuse often means resting, icing, taking anti-inflammatory drugs, and doing physical therapy⁵. Sometimes, surgery is needed for serious or ongoing issues⁷. Keeping a healthy weight and doing exercises that stretch and strengthen can also help with pain and prevent more injuries⁵⁷.

Knee Injury or Condition	Symptoms	Potential Causes
Ligament Sprains	Pain, swelling, instability	Sudden changes in direction, high-impact activities
Meniscus Tears	Pain, swelling, limited range of motion	Sudden twisting or impact, degeneration
Bursitis	Pain, swelling, tenderness	Overuse, injury, arthritis
Tendonitis	Pain, stiffness, weakness	Overuse, overtraining, poor form

If knee pain doesn’t get better or gets worse, seeing a healthcare professional is key⁶⁷. They might use tests like X-rays, MRI, or joint fluid analysis to find out what’s causing the pain and how to treat it⁷.

Conclusion

Knee pain can come from many things like injuries, arthritis, overuse, and mechanical issues⁸. It’s important to know what might be causing the pain to get the right treatment⁸. By finding and treating the cause, people can ease their pain and improve their life.

Osteoarthritis affects over 32 million people in the U.S., often hitting the knee hard⁸. Women are more likely to get it than men, and being overweight, your job, or sports can make it worse⁸. Rheumatoid arthritis, a condition where the body attacks its own joints, can also cause knee pain and damage⁸. Plus, injuries, overdoing it, and mechanical problems can all lead to knee pain. So, figuring out the cause is key.

Knowing what might be causing knee pain helps people work with their doctors to find the best treatment⁹. This might mean trying things like physical therapy, losing weight, and taking medicine, or even more serious steps like injections or surgery if needed⁹. With the right treatment, people can feel better and live more freely again.

FAQ

What are the most common causes of knee pain?

Knee pain often comes from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and injuries. These include harm to the ligaments or meniscus, bursitis, tendonitis, and ligament sprains.

How does osteoarthritis affect the knee joint?

Osteoarthritis happens when the cartilage in the knee joint wears down. This leads to pain, stiffness, and less mobility.

What types of injuries can cause knee pain?

Knee injuries like ACL tears, meniscus tears, and ligament sprains are common. They often happen during sports that involve quick changes in direction or impact.

What are some other causes of knee pain?

Knee pain can also come from mechanical issues like loose bodies or dislocated kneecaps. It can also be caused by overuse injuries, bursitis, and tendonitis.

How can knee pain be treated?

Treating knee pain usually means resting, using ice, taking anti-inflammatory drugs, and doing physical therapy. The treatment depends on the cause of the pain.

Source Links

1. Knee pain – Symptoms and causes – https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/knee-pain/symptoms-causes/syc-20350849
2. Why Does My Knee Hurt? What Causes Knee Pain? – https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/knee-pain-causes
3. Knee Pain and Problems – https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/knee-pain-and-problems
4. Arthritis of the Knee – OrthoInfo – AAOS – https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/arthritis-of-the-knee/
5. Knee pain: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia – https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003187.htm
6. Knee Pain Conditions, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments | HSS – https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_knee.asp
7. Knee pain – UF Health – https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/knee-pain
8. Osteoarthritis of the Knee (Degenerative Arthritis of the Knee) – https://www.webmd.com/osteoarthritis/ostearthritis-of-the-knee-degenerative-arthritis-of-the-knee
9. Knee osteoarthritis related pain: a narrative review of diagnosis and treatment – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039588/